通心络胶囊治疗急性心梗PCI术后的Meta分析

目的 评价通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心梗PCI（Percutaneous coronary intervention）治疗后的疗效和安全性。方法 检索Wan-Fang、CBM、CNKI、VIP、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library和EMbase 8个数据库。采用“Cochrane风险偏倚评估”工具对纳入研究进行方法学质量评价，运用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终检索到920篇相关文献，纳入28项研究，涉及2434例患者。Meta分析结果显示，通心络胶囊联合西药常规治疗可显著提升LVEF（MD = 4.90，95%CI[3.87，5.83]，P < 0.00001），降低NT-proBNP（MD = -70.84，95%CI[-76.86，-64.81]，P < 0.00001），增加TIMI分级3级患者（RR = 1.58，95%CI[1.26，1.98]，P < 0.0001），降低MACE（RR = 0.40，95%CI[0.29，0.55]，P < 0.00001），降低hs-CRP（MD = -2.89，95%CI[-3.63， -2.15]，P < 0.00001）、IL-6（MD = -3.18，95%CI[-3.37，-2.99]，P < 0.00001）。安全性方面，不良反应发生较均较轻，未影响治疗。结论 通心络胶囊可有效改善急性心梗PCI术后相关指标，仍需更多高质量的临床研究进一步证实其疗效。     

Effect of Quxie capsule in patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:To investigate whether the Quxie capsule can decrease relapse, metastasis, and symptoms, as well as alleviate the side effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.Methods:A comprehensive literature search of multiple databases was performed. Two reviewers independently selected trials that assessed the relapse-metastasis rate, degree of symptoms, and side effects of Quxie capsule for CRC. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.Results:This meta-analysis included 6 studies, with a total of 408 cases. The quality of the included studies was generally low, with only 1 trial of high quality. A statistically significant difference was observed in the relapse-metastasis rate between the Quxie capsule and control groups after 2-years follow-up (n = 185, relative risk (RR) = 0.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–0.46; P = .002). The Quxie capsule was found to reduce the traditional Chinese medicine symptom score as compared to the control (n = 208, weighted mean differences (WMD) = −4.15, 95% CI −7.30 to −1.00; P = .010), while it showed no significant improvement in the Karnofsky Performance Status score (n = 138, WMD = 5.05; 95% CI −2.95 to 13.04; P = .22). There was no difference in adverse events between the 2 groups (P = .66).Conclusion:This systematic review and meta-analysis showed no clear superiority of Quxie capsule for CRC patients receiving chemotherapy. The effect of Quxie capsule in CRC patients should be examined by high quality, large sample size, multi-center RCTs, with longer follow-up.     

以彝族药痛舒胶囊开发为例探索民族药创新发展路径＊

民族药是我国传统医药的重要组成部分，对中华民族的繁衍生息做出了巨大贡献。民族药在民间的应用实践十分丰富，是极为重要的新药开发来源，但由于在开发研究及产业化过程中存在基础研究薄弱、资源利用可持续性差、知识产权保护不足、市场意识不足等问题，阻碍了民族药的创新发展。本文以云南省药物研究所成功开发的彝族药痛舒胶囊为例，总结民族药开发实践经验，探讨民族药创新发展路径，为民族药的新药开发、产业化发展及国际化提供实践参考。     

养心定悸胶囊联合小剂量美托洛尔治疗频发室性早搏疗效及对心脏电生理的影响

目的研究养心定悸胶囊联合小剂量美托洛尔治疗频发室性早搏患者的临床疗效及对心脏电生理指标的影响。方法选取2017年3月—2018年3月在沈阳医学院附属中心医院心内科诊治的频发室性早搏患者80例,随机分为2组,每组各有40例。所有患者给予基础疾病治疗,对照组加服酒石酸美托洛尔片25 mg/次,2次/d。观察组在此基础上加服养心定悸胶囊6粒/次,2次/d。连续治疗6周后对比2组患者临床疗效、24 h平均心率及心脏电生理指标。结果治疗后对照组中医证候疗效总有效率为67.5%(27/40),观察组为87.5%(35/40),组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后2组患者24 h平均心率、白天平均心率及夜间平均心率与治疗前比较均有所下降,但是组内与组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。治疗后观察组Tp-e间期、QTcd与对照组比较缩短更为明显(P均<0.05)。结论养心定悸胶囊治疗频发室性早搏时不降低患者平均心率,可缩短患者Tp-e间期及QTcd,临床疗效更好。     

Pericapsular hip muscle activity in people with and without femoroacetabular impingement. A comparison in dynamic tasks

ObjectivesCompare anterior pericapsular muscle activity between individuals with and without femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) during dynamic tasks, to investigate whether muscle activity is consistent with a role in retracting the capsule to prevent impingement and active restraint of the femoral head in walking.DesignCross-sectional.SettingUniversity-laboratory.ParticipantsThirteen athletes with FAIS and 13 pain-free controls.Main outcome measuresMuscle activity was recorded using fine-wire (Iliocapsularis, iliacus and anterior gluteus minimus) and surface (rectus femoris) electromyography (EMG), during three hip flexion tasks (active and assisted hip flexion; squatting) and four walking trials.ResultsIliocapsularis EMG amplitude was no different between active and assisted hip flexion tasks around 90° of hip flexion in FAIS. There was no difference in EMG between groups in squatting. The pattern of burst activity preceding peak hip extension in iliacus, iliocapsularis, and anterior gluteus minimus was similar in both groups during walking.ConclusionIn FAIS, similar activation of iliocapsularis during active and assisted hip flexion, despite reduced flexion torque demand in the latter, suggests a role in capsular retraction or enhanced hip joint protection. Pericapsular muscle activity in advance of peak hip extension during walking is consistent with a proposed contribution to femoral head control.     

Metabolomics study on the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu decoction in coronary heart disease based on LC-Q-TOF/MS and GC-MS analysis

The present study aims is to investigate the metabolic mechanism of Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu decoction (XFZYD) in the treatment of blood-stasis syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). To that end, 30 CHD patients with Blood-Stasis Syndrome (BSS) and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled. LC-Q-TOF/MS analysis determined that in comparison between CHD with BSS patients (Group A) and healthy subjects (Group C), 59 significantly differential metabolites in the positive mode and 18 significantly differential metabolites in the negative mode. The metabolite constituents in the plasma of 30 CHD with BSS patients before (group A) and after 30 days of treatment (Group B), and 20 healthy subjects (Group C) were analyzed using LC-Q-TOF/MS and GC-MS. Based on multivariate statistical analysis (PCA, PLS-DA and OPLS-DA), we determined 69 differential metabolites. The levels of hemorheology indexes were significantly down-regulated after treatment. Metabolic pathway attribution analysis showed that lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and bile acid metabolism pathways are involved. Our study identifies the metabolic networks of CHD and demonstrates the efficacy of this metabolomics approach to systematically study the therapeutic effect of XFZYC on CHD.     

Protective and therapeutic application of the depolymerase derived from a novel KN1 genotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteriophage in mice

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the major Gram-negative bacterial pathogens causing hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant infections, and the antimicrobial treatment options are scarce. The lack of available antimicrobials has prompted the development of alternative strategies for the treatment of these infections. In this study, a K. pneumoniae bacteriophage (vB_KpnP_IME321) targeting a KN1 capsular type strain, Kp409, was isolated, characterized and sequenced. This bacteriophage has a latent period of 20 min and a burst size of approximately 410 pfu/cell. It contained 49 predicted open reading frames, of which ORF42 was identified as encoding the putative capsule depolymerase. The enzyme expressed and purified in the Escherichia coli BL21 system, namely Dp42, could depolymerize the capsular polysaccharide of Kp409 and form translucent halos on the plates. The phage-encoded depolymerase could increase the inhibitory effect of serum on the growth of bacteria in vitro. Pre-treated with Dp42 rescued 100% of mice following lethal Kp409 challenge, and administration of this enzyme after infection significantly increased survival rates of infected mice in the animal experiment. In conclusion, the phage-encoded depolymerase Dp42 represents a potential alternative strategy for controlling infections mediated by K. pneumoniae expressing the KN1 capsular polysaccharide.     

Assessing the relationship of the peroneal nerve to the posterolateral corner of the knee and influence of race on its dimensions– A MRI based study in Indian population

BackgroundThe relationship of Common peroneal nerve (CPN) to the posterolateral corner of the knee joint is important for surgeons who perform total knee arthroplasty to avoid injury to the nerve during surgery. This relationship varies among different races on account of anthropometry. This study aims to evaluate the anatomical location of this nerve in Indian patients using an MRI based reference system.Methods213 knee magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were evaluated in axial plane 8 mm below the joint line for distance of the CPN from the closest posterolateral capsule. The angle of the CPN from the center of the tibial anteroposterior axis and relation of CPN with respect to the popliteus were evaluated. A comparative analysis of these measurements among Caucasian, Chinese and Indian patients was made to evaluate for any differences.ResultsThe mean distance between the CPN and the knee capsule was 15.55 mm (range, 7.8–26.2 mm). The mean angle of the CPN from the center of the AP axis was 50.1° (range, 38–63). CPN was found to be in line with the popliteus from center of the knee in 62% cases. There was no significant difference among the different races among the measured parameters (p > 0.005).ConclusionThis study establishes a “danger zone” and a “safe zone” to avoid CPN injury in total knee arthroplasty in Indian patients and identifies anatomic landmarks to localize the nerve before the soft-tissues release in order to avoid direct injury.     

创新药吡非尼酮胶囊在中国健康人体耐受性和安全性研究

目的：评价中国健康受试者单次和多次口服1.1类创新药吡非尼酮胶囊后的人体耐受性和安全性。方法：依据动物实验结果推算起始和最大剂量，以健康受试者为研究对象，从安全起始剂量开始，进行单次和多次给药耐受性试验。采用随机单中心临床研究，统一餐后给药。单次给药耐受性试验：36例，随机分成6个剂量组：200 mg（2例），400 mg（4例），800 mg（6例），1 200 mg（8例），1 800 mg（8例），2 400 mg（8例）；多次给药耐受性试验：12例，分成2个剂量组：400 mg（6例），600 mg（6例），每天3次，连续给药7 d。观察受试者用药前后症状、生命体征、实验室检查变化（包括血尿常规、肝肾功能、心电图等）、并记录药品不良事件。结果：单次和多次给药耐受性试验的受试者用药前后生命体征和心电图无显著变化，实验室检查等表明无器质性损伤。依据试验终止标准，20例受试者完成4个剂量组的单次耐受性研究。其中单次给药耐受性试验有12例，多次给药耐受性试验有7例受试者在口服药物后出现轻中度恶心、呕吐、烧心、食欲不振、头晕和头痛等不良事件，未经处理自行缓解。本试验过程中未发生严重不良事件。结论：中国健康人体对吡非尼酮胶囊单次（200~1 200 mg）或多次（400~600 mg，tid×7 d）给药的安全性和耐受性良好，将为临床合理应用提供依据。